Question 3
How are tides caused ?
Answer
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun on the Earth’s oceans. The gravitational force of the moon is stronger on the side of the Earth facing the moon, causing a high tide. The gravitational force of the moon is weaker on the opposite side of the Earth, causing another high tide. The areas in between experience a low tide as water are pulled away from these regions. The gravitational pull of the sun also affects tides, though to a lesser extent than the moon. When the gravitational force of the sun and moon are aligned, spring tides occur, creating the largest difference between high and low tides. When the gravitational force of the sun and moon are perpendicular, neap tides occur, creating the smallest difference between high and low tides. The rotation of the Earth also affects tides, creating a 24-hour cycle between high and low tides.
