Question
Describe the factors affecting the climate of India.
Answer
The climate of India is primarily influenced by several factors, both natural and man-made. The major factors affecting the climate of India are:
- Latitude and Altitude: India is located in the tropical region between 8° 4′ N to 37° 6′ N latitudes. This location is responsible for India’s warm and humid climate. The altitude of a place also affects its climate, as higher altitudes tend to be cooler.
- Pressure and Wind: The pressure and wind systems, such as the Southwest monsoon and the Northeast monsoon, influence the climate of India. These systems are responsible for the distribution of rainfall and temperature patterns in the country.
- Distance from the sea: The distance of a place from the sea also plays a role in its climate. Coastal regions experience a maritime climate due to the influence of sea breezes, while inland areas experience a continental climate.
- Ocean currents: Ocean currents, such as the warm Agulhas Current and the cold Benguela Current, affect the climate of the coastal regions of India.
