Question
Discuss the causes and problems of urbanisation in India.
Answer
Causes of Urbanization in India:
- Employment opportunities: The rural-urban migration is mainly caused by the search for better employment opportunities.
- Industrialization: With the development of industries in urban areas, the demand for labor also increased, which attracted rural people to migrate to urban areas.
- Education: Urban areas offer better educational facilities, which attract people from rural areas.
- Better standard of living: Urban areas offer better standard of living compared to rural areas.
Problems of Urbanization in India:
- Overcrowding: The urban areas are already overcrowded and the population growth rate is increasing day by day, which leads to a shortage of basic amenities.
- Unemployment: Urbanization has not been able to generate employment opportunities at the same pace, which has led to the growth of slums in urban areas.
- Housing: The rapid increase in the population of urban areas has led to a shortage of affordable housing.
- Environmental degradation: Urbanization has led to the degradation of the environment, air, water, and land pollution have become major problems in urban areas.
