(i) Chemical properties of a solution containing H+ (acids) are as follows —
- Neutralization — acids neutralizes base to give salt and water only.
Example : CuO + H2SO4 ⟶ CuSO4 + H2O - Reaction with active metals — Acids react with active metals [e.g., Mg, Al, Zn, Fe] to liberate hydrogen.
Example : Zn + 2HCl ⟶ ZnCl2 + H2
(ii) Chemical properties of a solution containing OH– (bases/alkalis) are as follows —
- Neutralization — Alkalis neutralize acids to form salt and water.
Example :
Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl ⟶ CaCl2 + 2H2O - Reaction with metallic salt — Alkalis react with certain matallic salt solutions to precipitate insoluble hydroxide.
Example :
FeCl3 + 3NaOH ⟶ 3NaCl + Fe(OH)3 ↓ red brown ppt.