1
\mathrm{\mu}=\frac{\text{real depth}}{\text{apparent depth}}
2
\mathrm{\mu}=\frac{\mathrm{c}}{\mathrm{v}}
3
\mathrm{\mu_{12}}=\frac{\mathrm{v_1}}{\mathrm{v_2}}=\frac{\mathrm{\mu_2}}{\mathrm{\mu_1}}
4
μ₁₂ × μ₂₁ = 1
5
δ = (i₁ + i₂) − (r₁ + r₂)
6
r₁ + r₂ = A
7
δmin = 2i − A
8
\mathrm{\mu}=\frac{\sin \mathrm{i}}{\sin \mathrm{r}}
9
\text{Shift}=\text{real depth}\left(1-\frac{1}{\mathrm{\mu}}\right)
10
\mathrm{\mu}=\frac{1}{\sin \mathrm{C}}
11
\mathrm{v}=\mathrm{f}\mathrm{\lambda}