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Chapter 1 – Concerns about our Environment Madhyamik Suggestion 2026

Concerns about our Environment Madhyamik Suggestion 2026

Physical Science Chapter 1 – Concerns about our Environment Madhyamik Suggestion 2026.

Material : Madhyamik Suggestions-2026
Subject : Physical Science
Class : 10 (Madhyamik)
Publisher : Oriental Book Company Private Limited
Chapter Name : Concerns about our Environment

[MCQ-1, VSA-2, SA-1, FM = 5]

Group — A

Multiple choice-based Questions: [Mark-1] | Concerns about our Environment Madhyamik Suggestion 2026

Question 1

Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?

(ME 2017)

(a) methane

(b) water vapour

(c) carbon dioxide

(d) oxygen

Answer

(d) oxygen

Question 2

Which of the following greenhouse gases has maximum contribution towards global warming?

(ME 2018)

(a) N2O

(b) CH4

(c) CO2

(d) H2O vapour

Answer

CO2

Question 3

Which among the following gases absorbs long-wavelength infrared radiation emitted from the earth’s surface?

(ME 2019)

(a) N2

(b) CO2

(c) CH4

(d) He

Answer

(b) CO2

Question 4

Which among the following gases does not help in the depletion of ozone in the ozone layer?

(ME 2020)

(a) NO

(b) NO2

(c) CFC

(d) CO2

Answer

CO2

Question 5

In which layer of atmosphere do storms, rain not occur?

(a) troposphere

(b) stratosphere

(c) mesosphere

(d) thermosphere

Answer

(b) stratosphere

Question 6

Which one among the following has the highest calorific value?

(a) wood

(b) LPG

(c) coal

(d) diesel

Answer

(b) LPG

Question 7

Which is used as the fuel of rockets?

(a) kerosene

(b) petrol

(c) diesel

(d) liquid hydrogen

Answer

(d) liquid hydrogen

Question 8

A solar cell is made up of—

(a) non-conducting material

(b) conducting material

(c) semi-conducting material

(d) alloy

Answer

(c) semi-conducting material

Question 9

Which unit is the unit of heat value of fuel?

(a) dyne/cm²

(b) newton/m²

(c) kg/m³

(d) kilojoules/kg

Answer

(d) Kilojoules/kg

Question 10

Which one of the following is not a renewable source of energy?

(a) Tidal energy

(b) Bio-mass energy

(c) Petrol

(d) Solar energy

Answer

(c) Petrol

Question 11

LPG stands for—

(a) Liquified poisonous gas

(b) Low price gas

(c) Liquefied petroleum gas

(d) Low price gas

Answer

(c) Liquefied petroleum gas

Question 12

From which nonconventional energy source pollution is feared?

(a) Solar energy

(b) Wind energy

(c) Tidal energy

(d) Atomic energy

Answer

(d) Atomic energy

Question 13

In which layer of atmosphere is aurora polaris produced?

(a) Troposphere

(b) Stratosphere

(c) Ionosphere

(d) Mesosphere

Answer

(c) Ionosphere

Question 14

Which gas is responsible for depletion of the ozone layer?

(a) N2

(b) CO2

(c) CFC

(d) O2

Answer

(c) CFC

Group—B

Very short answer (VSA) type questions: [Mark-1] | Concerns about our Environment Madhyamik Suggestion 2026

Question 1

Which gas is emitted from chlorofluorocarbon? (ME 2017)

Answer

Chlorine gas

Question 2

Under the influence of UV rays does dissociation of ozone take place?

(ME 2017)

Answer

Yes

Question 3

Fill in the blank: In troposphere temperature ______ with increase in altitude.

(ME 2017)

Answer

In the troposphere, temperature decreases with an increase in altitude.

Question 4

Mention one harmful effect of global warming.

(ME 2017)

Answer

Rising sea levels

Question 5

Mention one use of biogas.

(ME 2018)

Answer

Used as cooking fuel.

Question 6

What is the role of NO in the decomposition of ozone in the ozone layer?

(ME 2018)

Answer

It catalyzes the breakdown of ozone molecules.

Question 7

Among charcoal, petrol, and ethanol which one is a fossil fuel?

(ME 2018)

Answer

Petrol is a fossil fuel.

Question 8

Write down the unit of calorific value of fuel.

(ME 2019)

Answer

Kilojoules per kilogram (kJ/kg).

Question 9

Does the temperature increase or decrease with increase in altitude in the stratosphere?

(ME 2019)

Answer

It increases.

Question 10

Which radiation, coming from the sun, is prevented by the ozone layer from falling on the earth’s surface?

(ME 2019)

Answer

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Question 11

Which fuel gas is harvested from coal-bed?

(ME 2020)

Answer

Methane gas is harvested from coal-bed.

Question 12

Name a gas present in air, the increase in amount of which causes global warming.

(ME 2020)

Answer

Carbon dioxide.

Question 13

Name an energy source which can be used for sustainable development.

(ME 2020)

Answer

Solar energy.

Question 14

Write the name of a greenhouse gas which contains nitrogen atom.

Answer

Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas which contains nitrogen atom.

Question 15

Which is the lowest layer of atmosphere?

Answer

Troposphere is the lowest layer of atmosphere.

Question 16

In which layer of atmosphere is called tropopause?

Answer

The boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Question 17

In which layer of atmosphere radiowave is reflected?

Answer

Ionosphere layer of atmosphere reflects radiowave.

Question 18

Which gas is obtained from domestic waste?

Answer

Biogas (methane)

Question 19

Which one is not a fossil fuel?

Answer

Biomass is not a fossil fuel.

Question 20

Write one disadvantage of using solar energy.

Answer

Depends on sunlight availability is the disadvantage of using solar energy.

Question 21

Write the name of an organic greenhouse gas.

Answer

Methane (CH4)

Question 22

By what name is the topmost region of the stratosphere called?

Answer

Stratopause is the topmost region of the stratosphere.

Question 23

Atmospheric pressure ______ with increase of altitude.

Answer

Atmospheric pressure decreases with an increase in altitude.

Question 24

Which gas of the atmosphere does absorb ultraviolet ray coming from the sun?

Answer

Ozone (O3)

Question 25

Write the name of one alternative fuel.

Answer

Hydrogen fuel

Question 26

Which gas does methanogenic bacteria produce through metabolic action?

Answer

Methane (CH4)

Question 28

What is ‘methane hydrate’?

Answer

Methane hydrates are white, ice-like solids inside of which methane molecules are trapped.

Group—C

Short answer (SA) type questions: [Mark-2] | Concerns about our Environment Madhyamik Suggestion 2026

Question 1

What is meant by calorific value of a fuel? Between coal and diesel which has higher calorific value?

(ME 2017)

Answer

The amount of heat energy released when 1 kg of fuel is burned completely is called calorific value of that fuel.

Diesel.

Question 3

What is methane hydrate?

(ME 2018)

Answer

Methane hydrates are white, ice-like solids inside of which methane molecules are trapped.

Question 4

What is the concept of sustainable development?

(ME 2019)

Answer

Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 5

Write with reason in which layer among the layers of the atmosphere the pressure is the highest.

(ME 2020)

Answer

The troposphere has the highest atmospheric pressure among all the layers of the atmosphere.

Reason:

  • Atmospheric pressure is highest at the Earth’s surface and decreases with altitude.
  • This happens because the air above compresses the lower layers, creating higher density and pressure in the troposphere.

Question 6

What are CBM and methane hydrate?

Answer

Coal Bed Methane (CBM) is a natural gas (methane – CH4) found trapped within coal seams (layers of coal) deep underground.

Methane hydrates are white, ice-like solids inside of which methane molecules are trapped.

Question 7

Write two reasons for the depletion of the ozone layer.

Answer

Two Causes of Ozone Layer Depletion:

  1. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): Released from refrigerators, ACs, and aerosols, CFCs break down ozone by releasing chlorine atoms.
  2. Nitrogen Oxides (NO, NOâ‚‚): Emitted from vehicles and industries, these gases react with ozone, causing its depletion.

Question 8

Write one use of solar cell.

Answer

Solar cells are used to generate electricity for homes, industries, and remote areas by converting sunlight into electrical energy.

Question 9

What is the energy conversion in a solar cell?

Answer

A solar cell converts solar energy (light energy) into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect.

Question 10

What is fossil fuel? Write the name of two liquid fuel.

Answer

Fossil fuels are natural energy sources formed from the decomposed remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years.

Two Liquid Fuels:

  1. Petrol (Gasoline)
  2. Diesel

Question 11

Write a brief explanation about Biomass.

Answer

Biomass is organic material derived from plants and animals that can be used as a renewable energy source. It includes wood, crop residues, animal waste, and algae.

Question 12

Mention two bad effects of global warming.

Answer

The two bad effects of global warming are-

  1. Rising sea levels, leading to coastal flooding.
  2. Increased frequency of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts.

Question 12

Mention two harmful effects of ozone layer depletion.

Answer

The two harmful effects of ozone layer depletion are-

  1. Increased skin cancer rates due to higher UV radiation exposure.
  2. Harmful effects on ecosystems, including reduced crop yields and marine life damage.

Question 13

Mention one advantage and one disadvantage of using wind energy.

Answer

Advantage: Wind energy is renewable and produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation.

Disadvantage: (i) Very high installation cost.

(ii) It requires regular maintenance.

Question 14

Name two advantages of having the atmosphere.

Answer

The two advantages of having the atmosphere are-

  1. Protection from Radiation: The atmosphere shields the Earth from harmful solar and cosmic radiation, helping to maintain a stable environment for life.
  2. Climate Regulation: It helps regulate temperatures by trapping heat through the greenhouse effect, making the planet habitable for various forms of life.

Question 15

What is fiery ice? What is the reason behind such nomenclature?

Answer

Fiery ice refers to methane hydrate, a crystalline structure that consists of water and methane. It is called “fiery ice” because, when exposed to heat, it can release methane gas, which is flammable.

Question 16

What is geothermal energy?

Answer

Geothermal energy is the thermal energy generated and stored inside the Earth’s crust.

Question 17

What is the main disadvantage of using conventional energy continuously? What is non-conventional energy?

Answer

The main disadvantage of using conventional energy continuously is its negative impact on the environment, including greenhouse gas emissions and resource depletion.

Non-conventional energy refers to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal, which are more sustainable and have a lower environmental impact.

Question 18

Mention two usefulness of conservation of fossil fuel.

Answer

Necessity of conservation of fossil fuels

  1. Amount of fossil fuel is limited and it is non-renewable.
  2. Excessive use of fossil fuel will lead to energy crisis in future.

Question 19

How does chlorofluorocarbon destroy ozone layer?

Answer

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) release chlorine atoms when they break down in the stratosphere, which then react with ozone (O3) molecules, leading to the depletion of the ozone layer.

Chemical reaction

CFC + UV radiation → Cl + other products

Cl + O3 → ClO + O2

Question 20

Why is methane hydrate regarded as the largest source of energy of the world in future?

Answer

Methane hydrate is considered a major future energy source due to its vast reserves, estimated to be greater than all known fossil fuels combined, and its potential for cleaner energy production compared to traditional fossil fuels.

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