Physical Science Chapter 1 – Concerns about our Environment Madhyamik Suggestion 2026.
Material | : Madhyamik Suggestions-2026 |
Subject | : Physical Science |
Class | : 10 (Madhyamik) |
Publisher | : Oriental Book Company Private Limited |
Chapter Name | : Concerns about our Environment |
[MCQ-1, VSA-2, SA-1, FM = 5]
Group — A
Multiple choice-based Questions: [Mark-1] | Concerns about our Environment Madhyamik Suggestion 2026
Question 1
Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
(ME 2017)
(a) methane
(b) water vapour
(c) carbon dioxide
(d) oxygen
Answer
(d) oxygen
Question 2
Which of the following greenhouse gases has maximum contribution towards global warming?
(ME 2018)
(a) N2O
(b) CH4
(c) CO2
(d) H2O vapour
Answer
CO2
Question 3
Which among the following gases absorbs long-wavelength infrared radiation emitted from the earth’s surface?
(ME 2019)
(a) N2
(b) CO2
(c) CH4
(d) He
Answer
(b) CO2
Question 4
Which among the following gases does not help in the depletion of ozone in the ozone layer?
(ME 2020)
(a) NO
(b) NO2
(c) CFC
(d) CO2
Answer
CO2
Question 5
In which layer of atmosphere do storms, rain not occur?
(a) troposphere
(b) stratosphere
(c) mesosphere
(d) thermosphere
Answer
(b) stratosphere
Question 6
Which one among the following has the highest calorific value?
(a) wood
(b) LPG
(c) coal
(d) diesel
Answer
(b) LPG
Question 7
Which is used as the fuel of rockets?
(a) kerosene
(b) petrol
(c) diesel
(d) liquid hydrogen
Answer
(d) liquid hydrogen
Question 8
A solar cell is made up of—
(a) non-conducting material
(b) conducting material
(c) semi-conducting material
(d) alloy
Answer
(c) semi-conducting material
Question 9
Which unit is the unit of heat value of fuel?
(a) dyne/cm²
(b) newton/m²
(c) kg/m³
(d) kilojoules/kg
Answer
(d) Kilojoules/kg
Question 10
Which one of the following is not a renewable source of energy?
(a) Tidal energy
(b) Bio-mass energy
(c) Petrol
(d) Solar energy
Answer
(c) Petrol
Question 11
LPG stands for—
(a) Liquified poisonous gas
(b) Low price gas
(c) Liquefied petroleum gas
(d) Low price gas
Answer
(c) Liquefied petroleum gas
Question 12
From which nonconventional energy source pollution is feared?
(a) Solar energy
(b) Wind energy
(c) Tidal energy
(d) Atomic energy
Answer
(d) Atomic energy
Question 13
In which layer of atmosphere is aurora polaris produced?
(a) Troposphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Ionosphere
(d) Mesosphere
Answer
(c) Ionosphere
Question 14
Which gas is responsible for depletion of the ozone layer?
(a) N2
(b) CO2
(c) CFC
(d) O2
Answer
(c) CFC
Group—B
Very short answer (VSA) type questions: [Mark-1] | Concerns about our Environment Madhyamik Suggestion 2026
Question 1
Which gas is emitted from chlorofluorocarbon? (ME 2017)
Answer
Chlorine gas
Question 2
Under the influence of UV rays does dissociation of ozone take place?
(ME 2017)
Answer
Yes
Question 3
Fill in the blank: In troposphere temperature ______ with increase in altitude.
(ME 2017)
Answer
In the troposphere, temperature decreases with an increase in altitude.
Question 4
Mention one harmful effect of global warming.
(ME 2017)
Answer
Rising sea levels
Question 5
Mention one use of biogas.
(ME 2018)
Answer
Used as cooking fuel.
Question 6
What is the role of NO in the decomposition of ozone in the ozone layer?
(ME 2018)
Answer
It catalyzes the breakdown of ozone molecules.
Question 7
Among charcoal, petrol, and ethanol which one is a fossil fuel?
(ME 2018)
Answer
Petrol is a fossil fuel.
Question 8
Write down the unit of calorific value of fuel.
(ME 2019)
Answer
Kilojoules per kilogram (kJ/kg).
Question 9
Does the temperature increase or decrease with increase in altitude in the stratosphere?
(ME 2019)
Answer
It increases.
Question 10
Which radiation, coming from the sun, is prevented by the ozone layer from falling on the earth’s surface?
(ME 2019)
Answer
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
Question 11
Which fuel gas is harvested from coal-bed?
(ME 2020)
Answer
Methane gas is harvested from coal-bed.
Question 12
Name a gas present in air, the increase in amount of which causes global warming.
(ME 2020)
Answer
Carbon dioxide.
Question 13
Name an energy source which can be used for sustainable development.
(ME 2020)
Answer
Solar energy.
Question 14
Write the name of a greenhouse gas which contains nitrogen atom.
Answer
Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas which contains nitrogen atom.
Question 15
Which is the lowest layer of atmosphere?
Answer
Troposphere is the lowest layer of atmosphere.
Question 16
In which layer of atmosphere is called tropopause?
Answer
The boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere.
Question 17
In which layer of atmosphere radiowave is reflected?
Answer
Ionosphere layer of atmosphere reflects radiowave.
Question 18
Which gas is obtained from domestic waste?
Answer
Biogas (methane)
Question 19
Which one is not a fossil fuel?
Answer
Biomass is not a fossil fuel.
Question 20
Write one disadvantage of using solar energy.
Answer
Depends on sunlight availability is the disadvantage of using solar energy.
Question 21
Write the name of an organic greenhouse gas.
Answer
Methane (CH4)
Question 22
By what name is the topmost region of the stratosphere called?
Answer
Stratopause is the topmost region of the stratosphere.
Question 23
Atmospheric pressure ______ with increase of altitude.
Answer
Atmospheric pressure decreases with an increase in altitude.
Question 24
Which gas of the atmosphere does absorb ultraviolet ray coming from the sun?
Answer
Ozone (O3)
Question 25
Write the name of one alternative fuel.
Answer
Hydrogen fuel
Question 26
Which gas does methanogenic bacteria produce through metabolic action?
Answer
Methane (CH4)
Question 28
What is ‘methane hydrate’?
Answer
Methane hydrates are white, ice-like solids inside of which methane molecules are trapped.
Group—C
Short answer (SA) type questions: [Mark-2] | Concerns about our Environment Madhyamik Suggestion 2026
Question 1
What is meant by calorific value of a fuel? Between coal and diesel which has higher calorific value?
(ME 2017)
Answer
The amount of heat energy released when 1 kg of fuel is burned completely is called calorific value of that fuel.
Diesel.
Question 3
What is methane hydrate?
(ME 2018)
Answer
Methane hydrates are white, ice-like solids inside of which methane molecules are trapped.
Question 4
What is the concept of sustainable development?
(ME 2019)
Answer
Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Question 5
Write with reason in which layer among the layers of the atmosphere the pressure is the highest.
(ME 2020)
Answer
The troposphere has the highest atmospheric pressure among all the layers of the atmosphere.
Reason:
- Atmospheric pressure is highest at the Earth’s surface and decreases with altitude.
- This happens because the air above compresses the lower layers, creating higher density and pressure in the troposphere.
Question 6
What are CBM and methane hydrate?
Answer
Coal Bed Methane (CBM) is a natural gas (methane – CH4) found trapped within coal seams (layers of coal) deep underground.
Methane hydrates are white, ice-like solids inside of which methane molecules are trapped.
Question 7
Write two reasons for the depletion of the ozone layer.
Answer
Two Causes of Ozone Layer Depletion:
- Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): Released from refrigerators, ACs, and aerosols, CFCs break down ozone by releasing chlorine atoms.
- Nitrogen Oxides (NO, NOâ‚‚): Emitted from vehicles and industries, these gases react with ozone, causing its depletion.
Question 8
Write one use of solar cell.
Answer
Solar cells are used to generate electricity for homes, industries, and remote areas by converting sunlight into electrical energy.
Question 9
What is the energy conversion in a solar cell?
Answer
A solar cell converts solar energy (light energy) into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect.
Question 10
What is fossil fuel? Write the name of two liquid fuel.
Answer
Fossil fuels are natural energy sources formed from the decomposed remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years.
Two Liquid Fuels:
- Petrol (Gasoline)
- Diesel
Question 11
Write a brief explanation about Biomass.
Answer
Biomass is organic material derived from plants and animals that can be used as a renewable energy source. It includes wood, crop residues, animal waste, and algae.
Question 12
Mention two bad effects of global warming.
Answer
The two bad effects of global warming are-
- Rising sea levels, leading to coastal flooding.
- Increased frequency of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts.
Question 12
Mention two harmful effects of ozone layer depletion.
Answer
The two harmful effects of ozone layer depletion are-
- Increased skin cancer rates due to higher UV radiation exposure.
- Harmful effects on ecosystems, including reduced crop yields and marine life damage.
Question 13
Mention one advantage and one disadvantage of using wind energy.
Answer
Advantage: Wind energy is renewable and produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation.
Disadvantage: (i) Very high installation cost.
(ii) It requires regular maintenance.
Question 14
Name two advantages of having the atmosphere.
Answer
The two advantages of having the atmosphere are-
- Protection from Radiation: The atmosphere shields the Earth from harmful solar and cosmic radiation, helping to maintain a stable environment for life.
- Climate Regulation: It helps regulate temperatures by trapping heat through the greenhouse effect, making the planet habitable for various forms of life.
Question 15
What is fiery ice? What is the reason behind such nomenclature?
Answer
Fiery ice refers to methane hydrate, a crystalline structure that consists of water and methane. It is called “fiery ice” because, when exposed to heat, it can release methane gas, which is flammable.
Question 16
What is geothermal energy?
Answer
Geothermal energy is the thermal energy generated and stored inside the Earth’s crust.
Question 17
What is the main disadvantage of using conventional energy continuously? What is non-conventional energy?
Answer
The main disadvantage of using conventional energy continuously is its negative impact on the environment, including greenhouse gas emissions and resource depletion.
Non-conventional energy refers to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal, which are more sustainable and have a lower environmental impact.
Question 18
Mention two usefulness of conservation of fossil fuel.
Answer
Necessity of conservation of fossil fuels
- Amount of fossil fuel is limited and it is non-renewable.
- Excessive use of fossil fuel will lead to energy crisis in future.
Question 19
How does chlorofluorocarbon destroy ozone layer?
Answer
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) release chlorine atoms when they break down in the stratosphere, which then react with ozone (O3) molecules, leading to the depletion of the ozone layer.
Chemical reaction
CFC + UV radiation → Cl + other products
Cl + O3 → ClO + O2
Question 20
Why is methane hydrate regarded as the largest source of energy of the world in future?
Answer
Methane hydrate is considered a major future energy source due to its vast reserves, estimated to be greater than all known fossil fuels combined, and its potential for cleaner energy production compared to traditional fossil fuels.