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FORMULA CHAPTER

Chapter 01 — Units and Measurements

ISCClass 11Physics21 formulas
Complete ISC Class 11 Physics Units and Measurements formula list for exam preparation. Revise SI units, dimensions, measurement errors, significant figures, least count, dimensional analysis and practical-instrument relations with clear meanings and worked examples based on the Nootan ISC Physics textbook.
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1

Physical quantity (Q) = \large\displaystyle \mathrm{n}\times\mathrm{U}

2

Plane angle (θ) = \large\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{s}}{\mathrm{r}}

3

Solid angle (Ω) = \large\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{A}}{\mathrm{r}^{2}}

4

Least Count (LC) = \large\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{MSD}}{\mathrm{n}}

5

Vernier reading (VR) = p × Least Count (LC)

6

Total reading (TR) = Main-scale reading (MSR) + Vernier reading (VR)

7

Correct reading (CR) = Observed reading (OR) − Signed zero error (ZE)

8

Least Count (LC) = \large\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{P}}{\mathrm{n}}

9

Correct reading (CR) = Observed reading (OR) − Signed zero error (ZE)

10

Mean value (x̄) = \large\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{x}_1+\mathrm{x}_2+\cdots+\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{n}}}{\mathrm{n}}

11

Mean absolute error (Δx̄) = \large\displaystyle \frac{|\mathrm{x}_1-\overline{\mathrm{x}}|+|\mathrm{x}_2-\overline{\mathrm{x}}|+\cdots+|\mathrm{x}_{\mathrm{n}}-\overline{\mathrm{x}}|}{\mathrm{n}}

12

Relative error (δ) = \large\displaystyle \frac{\overline{\mathrm{\Delta x}}}{\overline{\mathrm{x}}}

13

Percentage error (δ%) = \large\displaystyle \frac{\overline{\mathrm{\Delta x}}}{\overline{\mathrm{x}}}\times100\%

14

Maximum absolute error in the result (\large \mathrm{\Delta Z}) = \large\displaystyle \mathrm{\Delta A}+\mathrm{\Delta B}

15

Maximum fractional error in the result (\large\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{\Delta Z}}{\mathrm{Z}}) = \large\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{\Delta A}}{\mathrm{A}}+\frac{\mathrm{\Delta B}}{\mathrm{B}}+\frac{\mathrm{\Delta C}}{\mathrm{C}}

16

Maximum fractional error in the result (\large\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{\Delta Z}}{\mathrm{Z}}) = \large\displaystyle |\mathrm{p}|\frac{\mathrm{\Delta A}}{\mathrm{A}}+|\mathrm{q}|\frac{\mathrm{\Delta B}}{\mathrm{B}}+|\mathrm{r}|\frac{\mathrm{\Delta C}}{\mathrm{C}}

17

Dimensional formula of quantity Q ([Q]) = [MᵃLᵇTᶜIᵈΘᵉNᶠJᵍ]

18

Converted numerical value (n₂) = \large\displaystyle \mathrm{n}_1\left(\frac{\mathrm{M}_1}{\mathrm{M}_2}\right)^{\text{a}}\left(\frac{\mathrm{L}_1}{\mathrm{L}_2}\right)^{\text{b}}\left(\frac{\mathrm{T}_1}{\mathrm{T}_2}\right)^{\text{c}}

19

Radius of curvature (R) = \large\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{l}^{2}}{6\mathrm{h}}+\frac{\mathrm{h}}{2}

20

Time period (T) = \large\displaystyle 2\text{π}\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{l}}{\mathrm{g}}}

21

Fundamental frequency (f) = \large\displaystyle \frac{1}{2\mathrm{l}}\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{T}}{\text{μ}}}