(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation:
- Assertion (A) is true: Nitrogen is essential for plant growth and is absorbed primarily as nitrates (NO₃⁻) or nitrites (NO₂⁻).
- Reason (R) is also true: Soil contains these inorganic forms of nitrogen, along with other essential minerals like phosphorus.
- Since plants absorb nitrogen from the soil in these forms, R directly explains A.
(a) Large amount of water flows into the guard cells. (b) Gaseous exchange is occurring in large amount. (c) Large amount of water flows out from the guard cells. (d) Large amount of sugar collects in the guard cells.
(a) Both potted plants are kept in dark room for at least three days (b) Bottom of the bell jars is sealed to make them air tight (c) Both potted plants are kept in sunlight after the starch test (d) A leaf from both the plants is taken to test the presence of starch.