(i) Differences between strong and weak acid are as follows :
| Strong Acid | Weak Acid |
|---|---|
| Strong Acid is an acid which dissociates almost completely in aqueous solution there by producing a high concentration of hydrogen [H+] ions [or H3O+ ions] | Weak Acid is an acid which dissociates only partially in aqueous solution thereby producing a low concentration of hydrogen [H+] ions [or H3O+ ions]. |
| HNO3 + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + NO3– [contains almost only ions] | CH3COOH ⇌ CH3COO– + H+ [contains molecules and ions] |
| Examples : Hydrochloric, Sulphuric and Nitric acid. | Examples : Acetic, citric, carbonic, and formic acid. |
(ii) Differences between strong alkali and and weak alkali are as follows :
| Strong alkali | Weak Alkali |
|---|---|
| Strong Alkali is an alkali which dissociates almost completely in aqueous solution thereby producing a high concentration of hydroxyl [OH–] ions. | Weak Alkali is an alkali which dissociates only partially in aqueous solution thereby producing a low concentration of hydroxyl [OH–] ions. |
| NaOH [aq.] ⇌ Na+ + OH– [contains almost only ions] | NH4OH [aq.] ⇌ NH4+ + OH– [contains molecules and ions] |
| Examples : Lithium, Sodium and Potassium hydroxide | Examples : Ammonium hydroxide and Calcium hydroxide. |
1. Name the apparatus ‘A’.2. Name the substance ‘X’ placed in ‘A’ and the substance ‘Y’ placed in B.3. State the reason for conducting the titration using the apparatus ‘A’ and ‘B’.4. State which solution is transferred to the evaporating dish and evaporated to point of crystallization for obtaining the salt.5. State why titration is not conducted for the preparation of copper [II] sulphate crystals by neutralization.