Question

Differentiate between the following pairs based on the information given in the bracket.
Cations and anions [formation from an atom]

August 22, 2024

Answer

Cations	Anions
Metallic atoms having 1, 2, 3 valence electrons tend to donate the valence electron on ionization and become positive ions called cations.	Non-metallic atoms having 4, 5, 6 or 7 valence electrons tend to accept electrons on ionization and become negative ions called anions.

💡 Some Related Questions

Name the following : (i) A metallic ore converted to it’s oxide – iron [II] oxide on heating the concentrated ore.
(ii) A black metallic oxide reduced to metal on heating with coke.
(iii) The compound which on ignition at elevated temperatures gives pure alumina.
(iv) The non-metal which forms the anode during electrolytic reduction of fused alumina in Hall Heroult’s process.
(v) A metal other than manganese, present in duralumin but not in magnalium.

The metallic oxide reduced to metal generally by thermal decomposition.
(a) ZnO
(b) MgO
(c) HgO
(d) Al2O3

The process of dressing of the ore which involves separation of ore & gangue due to preferential wetting.
(a) Magnetic separation
(b) Hydrolytic method
(c) Froth flotation method
(d) Chemical method

The chemical name of the main ore of aluminium.
(a) Aluminium fluoride
(b) Aluminium oxide
(c) Sodium aluminium fluoride
(d) Hydrated aluminium oxide

The common name of the ore of iron whose chemical formula is Fe3O4.
(a) Iron pyrites
(b) Magnetite
(c) Haematite
(d) Spathic iron ore

The oxide of the metal which reacts with both acids and alkalis to give salt & water.
(a) MgO
(b) CuO
(c) Al2O3
(d) K2O

State (i) composition (ii) reason for alloying (iii) one use of each of the following alloys.
(i) Brass
(ii) Bronze
(iii) Duralumin
(iv) Solder [fuse metal]
(v) Stainless steel

Define (a) alloy (b) amalgam

Give reasons for the following pertaining to Hall Herault’s process.
(i) The fusion temperature of the electrolyte has to be lowered before conducting the electrolytic reduction.
(ii) The constituents of the electrolyte in addition to one part of fused alumina contains three parts of cryolite and one part of fluorspar.
(iii) A layer of powdered coke sprinkled over the electrolytic mixture, protects the carbon electrodes.
(iv) It is preferred to use a number of graphite electrodes as anode, instead of a single graphite electrode.

State the function of (i) Sodium hydroxide (ii) Cryolite (iii) Fluorspar in the metallurgy of aluminium in Hall Herault’s process.