Question

Explain the meaning of the following periodic properties:
(a) Atomic radius
(b) Ionization potential
(c) Electron affinity
(d) Electronegativity
(e) Non-metallic and metallic character.

  • Periodic Table
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Answer

(a) Atomic radius – It is distance between the center of the nucleus and outer most shell of the atom.

(b) Ionization potential [I.P.] – It is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from the outer most shell of an isolated gaseous atom.

(c) Electron affinity [E.A.] – It is the amount of energy released when an atom in the gaseous state accepts an electron to form an anion.

(d) Electronegativity [E.N.] – It is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself when combined in a compound.

(e) Non-metallic and Metallic character – In terms of electron loss or gain, an element is a:

  • Non-metal – if it gains one or more electrons and,
  • Metal – if it loses one or more electrons.

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