Question

Give one test to distinguish between the following: Iron [III] chloride soln. and Copper chloride soln.

  • Analytical Chemistry
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Answer

Ammonium hydroxide can be used to distinguish between the two. Iron [III] chloride soln. forms reddish brown ppt. of Fe(OH)3 which is insoluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide whereas copper chloride soln. forms a blue ppt. of Cu(OH)2 which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.

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Action of Ammonium Hydroxide – on solutions of salts

Magnesium chloride MgCl2 + NH4OH ⟶ ____ + ____ ↓
Iron [II] sulphate FeSO4 + NH4OH ⟶ ____ + ____ ↓
Iron [III] chloride FeCl3 + NH4OH ⟶ ____ + ____ ↓
Copper [II] sulphate CuSO4 + NH4OH ⟶ ____ + ____ ↓ [Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 + NH4OH [in excess] ⟶ ____ + ____]
Zinc sulphate ZnSO4 + NH4OH ⟶ ____ + ____ ↓ [Zn(OH)2 +(NH4)2SO4 + NH4OH [in excess] ⟶ ____ + ____]
Lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 + NH4OH ⟶ ____ + ____↓

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