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Question

Give reasons for the following:
An aqueous solution of the salt ammonium chloride is acidic in nature while an aqueous solution of sodium chloride is neutral.

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Answer

As ammonium chloride is a salt of a weak alkali and strong acid, hence it’s aqueous solution is acidic in nature. On the other hand, sodium chloride is a product of strong alkali and strong acid hence, it’s aqueous solution is neutral in nature.

Neutralization reaction Base + Acid Salt + water Nature
Weak alkali + strong acid NH4OH + HCl ⟶ NH4Cl + H2O acidic
Strong alkali + strong acid NaOH + HCl ⟶ NaCl + H2O neutr

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The diagram represents the preparation of sodium sulphate salt from dil. H2SO4 acid and sodium hydroxide.

1. Name the apparatus ‘A’.

2. Name the substance ‘X’ placed in ‘A’ and the substance ‘Y’ placed in B.

3. State the reason for conducting the titration using the apparatus ‘A’ and ‘B’.

4. State which solution is transferred to the evaporating dish and evaporated to point of crystallization for obtaining the salt.

5. State why titration is not conducted for the preparation of copper [II] sulphate crystals by neutralization.

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Identify which of the following terms matches with the appropriate descriptions 1 to 5.

A: Hydracid

B: Monobasic acid

C: Less volatile acid

D: Weak acid

E: Tribasic acid

F: Dibasic acid

G: More volatile acid
1. An acid having basicity 1 and having only one replaceable hydrogen ion per molecule of the acid.
2. An acid which dissociates to give a low concentration of H+ ions.
3. An acid containing hydrogen and a non-metallic element other than oxygen.
4. The type of acid which generally displaces another acid when the acid is heated with a salt.
5. The type of acid which reacts with a base to give an acid salt and a normal salt.

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