On moving down a group both atomic size and nuclear charge increases but the increase in atomic size dominates over increase in nuclear charge hence Electronegativity decreases on moving down a group.
Question
Give reasons for the following:Down a group electronegativity should increase with increase in nuclear charge but it is seen that the electronegativity decreases.
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Match the elements in column ‘X’ with the correct group they belong from column ‘Y’
| X | Y |
|---|---|
| 1: Element with atomic number 19 | A: Group 18 [0 group] |
| 2: Element with electronic configuration 2 | B: Group 16 [VI A] |
| 3: Element with a valency of -2 | C: Group 1 [IA] |
| 4: Element ‘P’ which loses 3 electrons to form a cation | D: Group 17 [VII A] |
| 5: Element ‘Q’ in period-3 which has the highest electron affinity | E: Group 13 [III A] |
With reference to group 1 [IA] of the periodic table – fill in the blanks with the correct word: The elements are …………… [light/heavy] …………… [metals/non metals] since their atomic size is …………… [large/small]. The energy binding the atoms is …………… [high/low] and hence the elements have …………… [high/low] melting points. The melting points of the elements …………… [increases/decreases] down the subgroup. The electropositive character …………… [increases/decreases] down the subgroup and the elements are strong …………… [reducing/oxidizing] agents. The element with electronic configuration 2, 8, 1 will have …………… [higher/lower] electron affinity and …………… [smaller/larger] atomic size than the element with electronic configuration 2, 1.
Open Answer »With reference to period 3 of the periodic table — State : (a) The type of bonding of the element with electronic configuration 2, 8, 7. (b) The formula of the chloride of the element with electronic configuration 2, 8, 4. (c) The nature of the oxide of the alkaline earth metal in the period. (d) The number of electrons in the penultimate shell of the element with valency -1. (e) The electronic configuration of the element whose hydroxide is a weak base.
Open Answer »In period 2, element ‘A’ is to the right of element ‘B’ (a) The element ‘A’ would probably have a …………… [smaller/larger] atomic size than ‘B’. (b) The element ‘B’ would probably have …………… [lower/higher] ionization potential than ‘A’. (c) The element ‘A’ would have …………… [lesser/higher] electron affinity than ‘B’. (d) Nuclear charge of element ‘B’ would be …………… [less/more] than element ‘A’. (e) If an element ‘C’ had a low electronegativity and ionization potential it would have more tendency to …………… [gain/lose] electrons.
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