Question

In the laboratory preparation of hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride gas is dissolved in water.
(i) Draw a diagram to show the arrangement used for the absorption of HCl gas in water.
(ii) State why such an arrangement is necessary? Give two reasons for the same.
(iii) Write balanced chemical equations for the laboratory preparation of HCl gas when the reactants are :
(A) below 200°C
(B) above 200°C

  • Hydrogen Chloride
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Answer

(i) Below diagrams show the special funnel arrangement used for the absorption of HCl gas in water:

special-funnel-arrangement-air-gap-simplified-chemistry-icse-class-10-844x897 special-funnel-arrangement-simplified-chemistry-icse-class-10-800x929

(ii) The reasons are :

  1. Prevents or minimizes back-suction of water.
  2. Provides a large surface area for the absorption of the HCl gas.

(iii) The equations are:

(a) NaCl + H2SO4 {\overset{ < 200^oC}{\longrightarrow}} NaHSO4 + HCl (g)

(b) NaCl + H2SO4 {\overset{ > 200^oC}{\longrightarrow}} Na2SO4 + HCl (g)

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