Question
Describe in short the electrolysis of water.
Answer
The electrolysis of water is the process of breaking down water molecules into their constituent elements, hydrogen and oxygen, using an electric current. Water is a covalent compound, meaning it does not readily conduct electricity. Therefore, a small amount of acid or alkali is added to the water to increase its conductivity. Two electrodes, usually made of inert metals such as platinum or graphite, are inserted into the water and connected to a DC power source.
When the electric current is applied, hydrogen ions (H+) are attracted to the negatively charged electrode (cathode) and are reduced to form hydrogen gas (H2). At the same time, oxygen ions (O2-) are attracted to the positively charged electrode (anode) and are oxidized to form oxygen gas (O2).
