Biological weathering is the breakdown of rocks and minerals by living organisms such as plants, animals, and microbes. It occurs through the physical and chemical actions of living organisms. The processes of biological weathering include:
- Root wedging: This is a process in which plant roots grow into cracks and crevices in rocks, exerting pressure and causing the rock to break apart. This process is common in regions with high vegetation cover.
- Biodegradation: This is a process in which microbes break down organic matter in rocks, releasing organic acids that can dissolve minerals in the rock. This process can lead to the formation of new compounds such as iron oxide.
- Burrowing and boring: This is a process in which animals burrow into rocks and soil, causing physical disruption and exposing the rock to weathering agents. This process is common in regions with high animal activity, such as riverbanks and coastlines.
