LAQ : State four pairs of contrasting characters used in his experiment mentioning the dominant and recessive traits. Write the inference drawn from the monohybrid cross.

Question

State four pairs of contrasting characters used in his experiment mentioning the dominant and recessive traits. Write the inference drawn from the monohybrid cross.

Answer

Mendel used several pairs of contrasting characters in his experiments, four of which are as follows:

1. Round and Wrinkled Seeds: Round (dominant) and wrinkled (recessive) seed shape were used as contrasting characters.
2. Yellow and Green Pea Pods: Yellow (dominant) and green (recessive) pea pod color were used as contrasting characters.
3. Purple and White Flowers: Purple (dominant) and white (recessive) flower color were used as contrasting characters.
4. Tall and Dwarf Plants: Tall (dominant) and dwarf (recessive) plant height were used as contrasting characters.

Inference drawn from the monohybrid cross:

1. The inheritance of each trait is determined by the factors (now known as genes) that are passed down from parent to offspring.
2. The two copies of each gene (one from each parent) segregate during gamete formation and then come back together randomly during fertilization.
3. The dominant allele will always be expressed in the phenotype when present, while the recessive allele is only expressed in the phenotype when it is present in the homozygous form.
4. The phenotype observed in the F1 generation is determined by the dominant allele, but the recessive allele is not lost and can reappear in the F2 generation.