Definition: A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry.
Causes of Flood:
- Heavy rainfall: Excessive and heavy rainfall leads to a rise in the level of water bodies, leading to a flood.
- Deforestation: Removal of trees and vegetation cover increases the surface runoff and reduces the water retention capacity of soil, thus leading to floods.
- Dam failure: The failure of dams, levees, and other structures designed to hold water can cause floods.
Effects of Flood:
- Loss of life: Floods can cause loss of life due to drowning or accidents.
- Damage to property: Floods can cause damage to homes, businesses, and infrastructure, resulting in financial losses.
- Spread of diseases: Floodwaters can spread water-borne diseases, leading to health problems.
- Displacement: Floods can cause people to evacuate their homes and become displaced, leading to homelessness and refugee crises.
