A monohybrid cross is a cross between two organisms that differ in only one trait. This means that each parent carries one allele for the trait, either dominant or recessive. The offspring of a monohybrid cross will inherit one allele from each parent, and the possible combinations of alleles are:
- Homozygous dominant: The offspring will have two copies of the dominant allele, and will express the dominant phenotype.
- Heterozygous: The offspring will have one copy of the dominant allele and one copy of the recessive allele, and will express the dominant phenotype.
- Homozygous recessive: The offspring will have two copies of the recessive allele, and will express the recessive phenotype.
The phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross is 3:1, which means that there will be three offspring with the dominant phenotype and one offspring with the recessive phenotype.
Here is an example of a monohybrid cross:
- Parent 1: Homozygous dominant (TT)
- Parent 2: Homozygous recessive (tt)
- Offspring: 1/2 Tt (heterozygous) and 1/2 tt (homozygous recessive)
- Phenotypic ratio: 3:1 (dominant:recessive)
