Question

Pragya tested the solubility of three different substances at different temperatures and collected the data as given below (results are given in the following table, as grams of substance dissolved in 100 grams of water to form a saturated solution).

Substance dissolved Temperature in K

283 293 313 333 353

Potassium nitrate 21 32 62 106 167

Sodium chloride 36 36 36 37 37

Potassium chloride 35 35 40 46 54

Ammonium chloride 24 37 41 55 66

(a)What mass of potassium nitrate would be needed to produce a saturated solution of potassium nitrate in 50 grams of water at 313 K? (b)Pragya makes a saturated solution of potassium chloride in water at 353 K and leaves the solution to cool at room temperature. What would she observe as the solution cools? Explain. (c) Find the solubility of each salt at 293 K. Which salt has the highest solubility at this temperature? (d)What is the effect of change of temperature on the solubility of a salt?

August 20, 2024

Answer

(a)At 313 K,

Potassium nitrate for saturated solution of 100 grams of water = 62 g

∴ Potassium nitrate for saturated solution of 50 grams of water = 31 g

(b)Some amount of dissolved Potassium Chloride will reappear as undissolved solid as solubility of solute decreases with the decrease of temperature.

(c) Solubility of each salt at 393 K are as follows:

Potassium nitrate 32

Sodium chloride 36

Potassium chloride 35

Ammonium chloride 37

Ammonium chloride salt has the highest solubility at this temperature.

(d)Solubility of salt increases with the increase in temperature.

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Substance dissolved	Temperature in K
Substance dissolved	283	293	313	333	353
Potassium nitrate	21	32	62	106	167
Sodium chloride	36	36	36	37	37
Potassium chloride	35	35	40	46	54
Ammonium chloride	24	37	41	55	66

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