Waves that are characterised by the motion of particles in a medium are called mechanical waves. Mechanical waves require material medium for their propagation.
Question
What are mechanical waves?
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Kunal and Abhimanyu were waiting to go across a railway crossing. Kunal jumped over the barrier and curiously put his ear on the railway track. Abhimanyu opposed Kunal and pulled him away from the railway track. (𝒊) Why did Kunal put his ear on the railway track? (𝒊𝒊) Can sound travel faster through (a) Copper (b) water. (𝒊𝒊𝒊) Why did Abhimanyu pull Kunal away from the railway track?
Open Answer »Kanika carried out an experiment on determination of speed of sound in air using resonance tube apparatus and obtained absurd results. She should (a) record the result as such. (b) manipulate the result and report the answer nearer to actual value of velocity of sound in air. (c) copy the result obtained by another student. (d) report the result as such and discuss the matter with the teacher to find out the reasons for wrong results. Answer the following questions based on the above information: (𝒊) Which is the most appropriate option for Kanika? (𝒊𝒊) What values will Kanika be promoting through preferring this option? (𝒊𝒊𝒊) Give one more example of promoting such values in real life situations.
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Figure shows the position of layers of air, at one moment, as a sound wave of constant frequency passes through the air. Compressions are labelled C. Rarefactions are labelled R.
(a) State how figure would change if (i) the sound had a higher frequency, (ii) the sound were louder. (b) On figure, draw a line marked with arrows at each end to show the wavelength of the sound.
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Figure shows a loudspeaker cone oscillating to produce sound waves: (𝒂) As the sound wave passes a point, it produces regions of higher and lower pressure. State the names of these regions. (𝒃) Describe how the movement of the loudspeaker cone produces these regions of different pressure. (c) State the effect on the loudness and pitch of the sound from the loudspeaker when (𝒊) the amplitude increases but the frequency of the sound stays the same, (𝒊𝒊) the amplitude stays the same but the frequency increases.
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Represent graphically any two separate diagrams in each case: (𝒊) Two sound waves having the same amplitude but different frequencies. (𝒊𝒊) Two sound waves having the same frequency but different amplitudes. (𝒊𝒊𝒊) Two sound waves having different amplitudes and also different wavelengths.
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