With the help of an activity explain that hydrogen and oxygen are released when an electric current is passed through water.

Electrolysis of Water: Proving Hydrogen and Oxygen Release

Materials:

• Beaker with water
• Dilute sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
• Two graphite electrodes
• Battery (6V or 9V)
• Wires, test tubes, matchstick

Procedure:

1. Add a few drops of H₂SO₄ to water in a beaker.
2. Insert two electrodes and connect them to a battery.
3. Invert test tubes over both electrodes to collect gases.
4. Pass current—bubbles form at both electrodes:
   • Cathode (-): Hydrogen (H₂) gas.
   • Anode (+): Oxygen (O₂) gas.
   • H₂ is produced in double the volume of O₂.
5. Test the gases:
   • H₂ burns with a ‘pop’ sound.
   • O₂ reignites a glowing splint.

Reaction:

2H2O→2H2+O2​

Conclusion:

Electric current splits water into hydrogen and oxygen.