Question

Write a balanced chemical equation for – (i) The formation of aluminium at the cathode, during the electrolysis of alumina. (ii) Action of heat on aluminium hydroxide.

  • Metallurgy
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Answer

(i) At cathode : 2Al3+ + 6e– ⟶ 2Al

(ii) Conversion of Al(OH)3 – to pure alumina – heat on Al(OH)3

2Al (OH)3 {\overset{1100^o C}{\longrightarrow}} Al2O3 + 3H2O

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Metallurgy

Give reasons for the following pertaining to Hall Herault’s process.
(i) The fusion temperature of the electrolyte has to be lowered before conducting the electrolytic reduction.
(ii) The constituents of the electrolyte in addition to one part of fused alumina contains three parts of cryolite and one part of fluorspar.
(iii) A layer of powdered coke sprinkled over the electrolytic mixture, protects the carbon electrodes.
(iv) It is preferred to use a number of graphite electrodes as anode, instead of a single graphite electrode.

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