What are Vestigial organs? Give one example of a vestigial structure in the human mouth.

Industrial melanism was observed in: (a) Mice (b) Peppered Moth (c) House Flies (d) Crow

Differentiate between Australopithecus and Modern man based on body hair.

What is the scientific name of modern man?

A scientist wanted to conduct a genetic experiment on mice. He cut the tails of all the mice and made them reproduce. What will be the phenotype of the offsprings? (a) All the offsprings will be tailless. (b) There will be a mix of tailed and tailless offsprings. (c) All the offsprings will have tails. (d) Tail of the offsprings cannot be predicted.

Name the following: (a) The fully developed part of the ovary containing a mature ovum. (b) A waxy layer on the upper epidermis of leaves meant to reduce Transpiration. (c) The ear ossicle which opens into the oval window of Cochlea. (d) The physiological process which is the starting point of all food chains. (e) An insect which is a classic example of natural selection due to industrial melanism.

(a) Who proposed the theory of Natural Selection? (b) Name the organism which was used as an example to explain Industrial Melanism.

Give the biological/technical terms for the following: (a) The tropic movement wherein the tendrils of a pea plant twine around a support. (b) A defect in our eye in which some parts of the object are in focus while the other parts are blurred. (c) The type of waste generated in hospitals and pathological laboratories. (d) The surgical technique for females that can be used to prevent pregnancy. (e) The evolutionary process by which new species arise from the existing one.

Arrange the following in a logical sequence: (a) Australopithecus, Cro-Magnon, Homo erectus, Neanderthal man. (b) Pupil, Aqueous humour, Retina, Vitreous humour. (c) Effector, Receptor, Motor neuron, Sensory neuron. (d) Loop of Henle, Distal convoluted tubule, Bowman’s Capsule, Proximal convoluted tubule. (e) Water vapour, Soil water, Leaves, Ascent of Sap.

Differentiate between the functions of Urethra and Uterus.

Rachna is an expert gymnast on the balance beam. She has been vigorously practising for the Olympic Games. Lately, she has been experiencing dizziness and losing her balance during the practice sessions. (a) Which part of the membranous labyrinth is responsible for maintaining the body balance on the beam? (b) Which type of balance is maintained by the structure mentioned in (a)? [Space for diagram]

Mention the two pairs of nitrogenous bases that are present in a DNA strand and pair with each other by hydrogen bonds.