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Question

Distinguish between the five classes of vertebrates on the basis of characters like habitat, kind of exoskeleton, respiratory organs and other distinct features.

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Answer

Differences between Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammals are as follows:

Character Pisces Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammals
1. Habitat Aquatic Terrestrial and aquatic Terrestrial Arboreal Terrestrial, aquatic and arboreal
2. Exoskeleton Slimy scales Absent Dry and scaly Feathers, claws Hair, nails, etc.
3. Respiratory organs Gills Gills, lungs and skin Lungs Lungs Lungs
4. Body temperature Cold-blooded Cold-blooded Cold-blooded Warm-blooded Warm-blooded
5. Heart 2-chambered 3-chambered 3-chambered 4-chambered 4-chambered
6. Locomotary organs Fins Limbs Limbs; but absent in snakes. Wings and limbs Limbs
7. Others Body is streamlined. They are oviparous. They have webbed feet. Eggs are laid in water and larvae are aquatic. They are oviparous and some are viviparous, e.g., lizard and snake. Development is external. Body is covered by feathers and forelimbs are modified into wings. Presence of mammary glands. There are hairs on the body and external pinna is also present. They are viviparous.

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