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Give reasons for the following:
A molecule of methane has four single covalent bonds.

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Answer

The valency of C is 4 and that of H is 1. Carbon needs four electrons to attain stable octet and hydrogen needs one electron to attain it’s stable duplet state. Hence, one carbon atom shares four electron pairs – one with each of the four atoms of hydrogen. Hence, forms four single covalent bonds.

Electron Dot Structure :

methane molecule electron dot diagram simplified chemistry icse class 10 676x361 1 1

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Chemical Bonding

Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the brackets:
(i) The bond between two elements in group 17[VIIA] of the periodic table is likely to be ____ [ionic/covalent].
(ii) In the reaction of Cl2 + 2KI ⟶ 2KCl + I2 the conversion of 2I to I2 is deemed as ____ [oxidation/reduction].
(iii) The covalent molecule containing three single covalent bonds is ____ [water/methane/ammonia].
(iv) The molecule of water combines with a ____ [hydrogen atom/proton/hydrogen molecule] to form a hydronium ion.
(v) For formation of an electrovalent bond between elements ‘X’ and ‘Y’ which are a metal and non-metal respectively, X should have a ____ [high/low] ionization potential and ‘Y’ a ____ [high/low] electron affinity.

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