Question

Give the (i) common (ii) chemical name (iii) formula of two common ores each of aluminium, zinc and iron.

  • Metallurgy
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Answer

Metal Common name
of ore		 Chemical name
of ore		 Formula
of ore
Aluminium Bauxite Hydrated aluminium oxide Al2O3.2H2O
Cryolite Sodium aluminium fluoride Na3AlF6
Zinc Zinc blende Zinc sulphide ZnS
Calamine Zinc carbonate ZnCO3
Iron Haematite Iron [III] oxide Fe2O3
Magnetite Tri iron tetra oxide Fe3O4

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Give reasons for the following pertaining to Hall Herault’s process.
(i) The fusion temperature of the electrolyte has to be lowered before conducting the electrolytic reduction.
(ii) The constituents of the electrolyte in addition to one part of fused alumina contains three parts of cryolite and one part of fluorspar.
(iii) A layer of powdered coke sprinkled over the electrolytic mixture, protects the carbon electrodes.
(iv) It is preferred to use a number of graphite electrodes as anode, instead of a single graphite electrode.

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