Question

Differentiate between (i) mineral & ore (ii) matrix & flux.

  • Metallurgy
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Answer

(i) Difference between mineral & ore

Mineral Ore
The compounds of various metals found in nature associated with their earthly impurities are called minerals. The naturally occurring minerals from which metals can be extracted profitably and conveniently are called ores.

(i) Difference between matrix and flux

Matrix Flux
The rocky impurities including silica [SiO2], mud etc. associated with the ore is called matrix or gangue. The substance added to the ore to get rid of the matrix resulting in the formation of a fusible compound slag.

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Give reasons for the following pertaining to Hall Herault’s process.
(i) The fusion temperature of the electrolyte has to be lowered before conducting the electrolytic reduction.
(ii) The constituents of the electrolyte in addition to one part of fused alumina contains three parts of cryolite and one part of fluorspar.
(iii) A layer of powdered coke sprinkled over the electrolytic mixture, protects the carbon electrodes.
(iv) It is preferred to use a number of graphite electrodes as anode, instead of a single graphite electrode.

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