Question

Metals occur in the free state and in the combined state. Name two metals which occur in the free or native state. In the combined state metals occur in the form of compounds. Name two different metallic compounds in each case which occur as (i) halides (ii) oxides (iii) sulphides

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Answer

Gold and Platinum occur in the free metallic form.

The metallic compounds in the combined form are :

(i) halides – Cryolite [Na3AlF6], Fluorspar [CaF2]

(ii) oxides – Bauxite [AlO3.2H2O]

(iii) sulphide – Iron Pyrite [FeS2], Zinc blende [ZnS]

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Metallurgy

Give reasons for the following pertaining to Hall Herault’s process.
(i) The fusion temperature of the electrolyte has to be lowered before conducting the electrolytic reduction.
(ii) The constituents of the electrolyte in addition to one part of fused alumina contains three parts of cryolite and one part of fluorspar.
(iii) A layer of powdered coke sprinkled over the electrolytic mixture, protects the carbon electrodes.
(iv) It is preferred to use a number of graphite electrodes as anode, instead of a single graphite electrode.

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