Question
Sketch the outline to explain the working of a potable water treatment plant
Answer
- Coagulation and Flocculation: Chemical coagulants are added to the water to destabilize and clump together suspended particles. Flocculants are then added to form larger particles called flocs.
- Sedimentation: The water is allowed to settle in large tanks, where flocs settle to the bottom as sediment, forming a sludge layer.
- Filtration: The water passes through layers of sand, gravel, and activated carbon filters to remove smaller particles, microorganisms, and dissolved impurities.
- Disinfection: To kill or inactivate harmful microorganisms, disinfectants like chlorine or chloramines are added to the water.
- pH Adjustment: Chemicals are used to adjust and stabilize the pH level of the water within the desired range.
- Storage and Distribution: The treated water is stored in clean reservoirs and then distributed through a network of pipes to consumers.
