Theory of Darwin on Giraffe’s Neck Lengthening:

Darwin proposed that giraffes with longer necks had an advantage because they could reach higher leaves for food. These giraffes were more likely to survive and reproduce, passing the long-neck trait to the next generation. Over many generations, giraffes evolved longer necks due to natural selection favoring this trait.

Meaning of ‘Hot Dilute Soup’:

‘Hot Dilute Soup’ refers to the early Earth’s conditions where organic molecules, the building blocks of life, formed in a warm, watery environment. This metaphor highlights the primordial chemical environment rich in organic compounds where life could originate and evolve.

Major events of organic evolution

Problem Solving in Chimpanzees:

• This animal is quite clever and can prepare a tool with a small branch of a tree. After defoliating the tip of the twig, it is crushed to prepare it like a brush. Then the brush is inserted into the termite mound. This stick like brush is then pulled out when quite a good number of termites may be collected for eating.
• The chimpanzee can also break and open nuts with stones which resemble the “hammer and anvil” technique to get the edible seed.