Cryopreservation is a method of ex-situ conservation in which living biological materials are preserved at very low temperatures (–196°C) in liquid nitrogen.

Role in biodiversity conservation:

• It helps in the long-term preservation of germplasm such as seeds, pollen, sperms, ova, embryos, and tissues of endangered species.
• Preserved material can be revived later for breeding, reintroduction, or genetic improvement programmes.
• It safeguards genetic diversity of species that are threatened, rare, or have very small populations.

Information obtained from DNA fingerprinting for conservation

DNA fingerprinting provides genetic information useful for conservation, such as:

1. Genetic diversity and relatedness: It helps identify genetic variation within and between populations, which is essential for planning conservation strategies.
2. Species and individual identification: It is used to identify species, individuals, and cases of illegal wildlife trade and poaching, supporting law enforcement and conservation efforts.