QQuestion
Prepare a list of diseases linked with pollution as observed by a doctor among her or his patients in a whole day. Which in-situ measures are associated with the conservation of tiger and one-horned rhinoceros in the same national park? [3 + 2]
✓Answer
Pollution causes respiratory, skin and other diseases via air, water toxins.
A doctor may observe:
| Problems | Reasons | |
| (i) | Asthma, bronchitis, lung cancer | air pollution – SPM, gases |
| (ii) | Skin infections, gastroenteritis | water pollution |
| (iii) | Hearing loss, hypertension | noise pollution |
| (iv) | Allergies, eye irritation | general pollutants |
In-situ measures in parks like Kaziranga (for both tiger and one-horned rhino):
- Protected habitat zones: Core and buffer areas are kept free from human interference, preventing deforestation, encroachment, and habitat fragmentation.
- Anti-poaching measures: Regular patrols by trained forest guards, watch towers, and surveillance systems are used to prevent illegal hunting of tigers (for skin and bones) and rhinoceroses (for horns).
- Habitat and prey base management: Grasslands are conserved and periodically managed for rhinoceros grazing, while healthy populations of herbivores (such as deer) are maintained to ensure sufficient prey for tigers.
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