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Question

A piece of wood if left under water, comes to the surface. Explain the reason.

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Answer

When a piece of wood is left under water, two forces act on it, (i) it’s weight (i.e., the force due to gravity) W which pulls it downwards, and (ii) the upthrust FB due to water which pushes the wood upwards. The piece of wood comes to the surface because upthrust on the wood is more than the weight of the wood (i.e.,FB > W ).

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A weather forecasting plastic balloon of volume 15 m3 contains hydrogen of density 0.09 kg m-3. The volume of an equipment carried by the balloon is negligible compared to it’s own volume. The mass of the empty balloon alone is 7.15 kg. The balloon is floating in air of density 1.3 kg m-3. Calculate : (i) the mass of hydrogen in the balloon, (ii) the mass of hydrogen and balloon, (iii) the total mass of hydrogen, balloon and equipment if the mass of equipment is x kg, (iv) the mass of air displaced by balloon and (v) the mass of equipment using the law of floatation.

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