40 cm3 of methane (CH4) is reacted with 60 cm3 of oxygen according to the equation:
CH4 + 2O2 ⟶ CO2 + 2H2O
All volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure. What total volume of gas remains after the reaction at room temperature?
(a) 60 cm3
(b) 40 cm3
(c) 45 cm3
(d) 50 cm3
(b) 40 cm3
Explanation:
From the equation, 1 volume of CH4 reacts with 2 volumes of O2.
For 40 cm3 CH4, required O2 = 40 × 2 = 80 cm3.
Since only 60 cm3 O2 is available, oxygen is the limiting reactant.
Amount of CH4 that reacts = 60\over2 = 30 cm3.
Excess CH4 = 40 − 30 = 10 cm3.
2 volumes of O2 produce 1 volume of CO2.
CO2 formed from 60 cm3 O2 = 60/2 = 30 cm3.
The remaining gases at room temperature are 10 cm3 CH4 and 30 cm3 CO2.
Total volume = 10 + 30 = 40 cm3.
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