Chapter 1 – (c) Response And Chemical Coordination In Animals – Hormones | Life Science Solution Class 10

1. Salivary gland
2. Liver
3. Tear gland
4. Thyroid

1. Thyroxine secreting hormone
2. Thyroid secreted hormone
3. Thyroid stimulating hormone
4. Thyroxine stimulated hormone.

1. Liver
2. Pituitary 
3. Adrenal 
4. Pancreas.

1. Adrenaline
2. Insulin
3. Glucagon 
4. Vesopressin

1. Thyroid 
2. Adrenal 
3. Pancreas 
4. Posterior Pituitary.

1. Insulin 
2. Gastrin 
3. Adrenaline 
4. Oxytocin.

Question

1. The endocrine system is the system which produces ____.
2. ____ is called the master gland.
3. Tropic hormones are those hormones which control the secretion of ____ glands.
4. The full name of STH is ____ hormone.
5. The short name of the adrenocorticotropic hormone is ___.
6. The full name of ACTH is ____ hormone.
7. Full name of ADH ____ hormone.
8. The full name of FSH is ____ stimulating hormone.
9. Full name of LH ____ hormone.
10. Islet of Langerhans is the group of polyhedral cells present in the ____.
11. ____ is an antidiabiogenic hormone secreted from the pancreas.
12. Thyroxin is secreted from the ____ gland.
13. ____ is the hormone of the adrenal medulla.
14. ____ is the detection of young in hypopituitarism.
15. The adrenal medulla is the ____ part of the adrenal gland.
16. Adrenaline is secreted from ____ gland.
17. Beta cells of islet of Langerhans secrete ____
18. ____ cells of islet of Langerhans secrete glucagon.
19. The ____ hormone Is known as milk secreting hormone.
20. The name of the emergency hormone is ____
21. ____ is the detection of hypersecretion of STH from pituitary in adult.
22. Diabetes ____ is the abnormal condition during which a large amount of sugar-free dilute urine is excreted.
23. Lack of ____ of posterior pituitary causes diabetes insipidus.
24. Diabetes ____ is the abnormal condition during which urine containing glucose is excreted.
25. Lack of ____ causes diabetes mellitus.
26. ____ helps to contraction of blood vessels thus increase blood pressure.
27. Progesterone is secreted from the ____
28. ____ is secreted from the testis.
29. ____ gland is the triangular or hat-like gland present on the upper pole of each kidney.
30. FSH is a ____ hormone. (Gonadal / Gonadotropin / Local)
31. Hypersecretion of GH in 25 year old man causes ____. (Dwarfism / Acromegaly / Gigantism)
32. Insulin is secreted from ____ cell of the pancreas. (Alpha / Beta / Gamma)
33. Diabetes mellitus is the disease due to lack of ____. (ADH / Glucagon / Insulin)
34. ____ is a mixed gland. (Pancreas / Salivary / Pituitary)
35. ____ is known as the emergency hormone. (Thyroxin / Oxytocin / Adrenaline)
36. Growth hormone is secreted from ____. (Pituitary / Thyroid / Adrenal)
37. The source of progesterone is ____. (Testis / Ovary / Pituitary)
38. ____ cell of testis secretes testosteron. (Follicle / Leydig / Seminiferous tubules)

Answer

1. Hormones
2. Pituitary
3. Other endocrine glands
4. Somatotropic
5. ACTH
6. Adrenocorticotropic
7. Antidiuretic
8. Follicle-stimulating
9. Luteinizing
10. Pancreas
11. Insulin
12. Thyroid
13. Noradrenaline
14. Delayed growth
15. Inner
16. Adrenal
17. Insulin
18. Alpha
19. Prolactin
20. Adrenaline
21. Acromegaly
22. Insipidus
23. ADH
24. Mellitus
25. Insulin
26. Adrenaline
27. Ovary
28. Testosterone
29. Adrenal
30. Gonadotropin
31. Acromegaly
32. Beta
33. Insulin
34. Pancreas
35. Adrenaline
36. Pituitary
37. Ovary
38. Leydig

Very Short Answer (VSA) type questions

Question 1

From which word hormone is derived?

Answer

The word hormone is derived from the Greek word “hormon,” meaning “to set in motion.”

Question 2

Who first termed the word hormone?

Answer

The term hormone was first coined by the English physiologist Ernest Starling in 1905.

Question 3

Which hormone was first discovered?

Answer

The first hormone to be discovered was secretin, a peptide hormone that regulates digestion, discovered by British physiologists William Bayliss and Ernest Starling in 1902.

Question 4

Which one acts as the chemical coordinator in the animal body?

Answer

The endocrine system acts as the chemical coordinator in the animal body, by producing and secreting hormones that regulate various physiological processes.

Question 5

What is the name of the chemical coordinator secreted from the animal’s body that helps to maintain communication between individuals of the same species? 

Answer

The chemical coordinator secreted from the animal’s body that helps maintain communication between individuals of the same species is called a pheromone.

Question 6

What is the name of hormone-secreting glands? 

Answer

The name of hormone-secreting glands is endocrine glands.

Question 7

Name a duct gland and a ductless gland in the human body. 

Answer

The pancreas is an example of a duct gland, as it secretes digestive enzymes into ducts that lead to the small intestine, while the thyroid gland is an example of a ductless gland, as it secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 8

Name a gland which is situated within the human skull. 

Answer

The pituitary gland, also known as the hypophysis, is a gland situated within the human skull, beneath the hypothalamus.

Question 9

What is hypophysis? 

Answer

Hypophysis is another term for the pituitary gland, which is a small gland located at the base of the brain that plays a key role in regulating various physiological processes through the secretion of hormones.

Question 10

Name a gland which is present outside the body cavity. 

Answer

The pancreas is an example of a gland that is present outside the body cavity, as it lies partially behind the stomach and is surrounded by other organs.

Question 11

Which one is the smallest endocrine gland of the human body?

Answer

The pineal gland is the smallest endocrine gland in the human body.

Question 12

Name a compound gland present in human body. 

Answer

The pancreas is a compound gland present in the human body, as it has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

Question 13

Which gland is present in front of the neck? 

Answer

The thyroid gland is present in the front of the neck, below the thyroid cartilage (Adam’s apple) and above the collarbone.

Question 14

Which gland in the body forms a hat-like structure on each kidney? 

Answer

The adrenal gland is the gland that forms a hat-like structure on each kidney.

Question  15

Which endocrine gland is called the master gland? 

Answer

The pituitary gland is often referred to as the master gland of the endocrine system, as it controls the function of other endocrine glands in the body.

Question 16

How many lobes are present in the pituitary and what are those?

Answer

The pituitary gland has two lobes: the anterior lobe (also called the adenohypophysis) and the posterior lobe (also called the neurohypophysis).

Question 17

Where pituitary gland is present in your body? 

Answer

The pituitary gland is present at the base of the brain, just below the hypothalamus, in a bony cavity called the sella turcica.

Question 18

Name the gland from which gonadotropic hormone is secreted. 

Answer

Gonadotropic hormones are secreted from the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 19

What is the common name of hormones which are secreted from the pituitary and affect other endocrine glands? 

Answer

The common name of these hormones is tropic hormones.

Question 20

What is a local hormone? 

Answer

A local hormone is a type of hormone that acts locally on nearby cells and tissues, without being transported in the bloodstream to distant parts of the body.

Question 21

What is the complete term of STH ? 

Answer

STH stands for Somatotropic hormone.

Question 22

What is the full name of TSH ?

Answer

The full name of TSH is Thyroid Stimulating Hormone.

Question 23

What is the full name of FSH? 

Answer

The full name of FSH is Follicle Stimulating Hormone.

Question 24

What is the full name of LH? 

Answer

The full name of LH is luteinizing hormone.

Question 25

What is the full name of LTH? 

Answer

LTH stands for Lactogenic hormone or Prolactin.

Question 26

What is the full name of ICSH? 

Answer

The full name of ICSH is interstitial cell-stimulating hormone.

Question 27

What is the full name of ADH? 

Answer

The full name of ADH is antidiuretic hormone.

Question 28

What is the full name of GH?

Answer

GH stands for Growth Hormone.

Question 31

Name a hormone that stimulates the adrenal gland. 

Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates the adrenal gland.

Question 60

Name one plant and one animal hormones. 

Answer

One example of a plant hormone is auxin, and one example of an animal hormone is insulin.

Question 61

Name the sources of testosterone. 

Answer

The testis is the main source of testosterone in males. In females, a small amount of testosterone is produced in the ovaries and adrenal glands.

Short Answer (SA) type questions

Question 1

Why are the hormone-producing glands called endocrine glands? 

Answer

The hormone producing glands are called endocrine glands because they secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream rather than through ducts, and these hormones travel to their target organs to produce their effects. The term “endocrine” comes from the Greek words “endo” meaning inside and “krinein” meaning to secrete.

Question 2

Answer

Hormones are known as chemical messengers because they are produced in one part of the body and travel through the bloodstream to target cells in another part of the body where they produce specific physiological responses.

Question 3

What is the exocrine gland? give examples. 

Answer

Exocrine glands are the glands that secrete their products, such as enzymes and mucus, into ducts or tubes that lead to a surface, such as the skin or the digestive tract. Examples of exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, and the pancreas.

Question 4

What is a ductless gland?

Answer

Ductless glands are endocrine glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, rather than through a duct. Examples of ductless glands include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, and pancreas.

Question 5

Write a definition with one example of the endocrine gland. 

Answer

An endocrine gland is a ductless gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream, which then carries the hormones to the target cells or organs. For example, the thyroid gland produces thyroxine hormone that regulates metabolism and growth in the body.

Question 6

What do you mean by mixed gland? Give example. 

Answer

A mixed gland is a gland that has both endocrine and exocrine functions. One example of a mixed gland is the pancreas, which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream and digestive enzymes into the small intestine.

Question 7

What are the chemical nature of animal hormones ? 

Answer

Animal hormones are generally organic compounds, either peptides or steroids. Some hormones such as adrenaline are amines, while others such as prostaglandins are lipids.

Question 8

Name one protein hormone and one steroid hormone. 

Answer

Insulin is a protein hormone, while testosterone is a steroid hormone.

Question 9

What are local hormones ? 

Answer

Local hormones are also known as paracrine hormones, which are released by one cell and affect the neighbouring cells without entering the bloodstream. They act locally and regulate physiological processes such as growth, inflammation, and immune responses. Examples of local hormones include cytokines, prostaglandins, and growth factors.

Question 10

Mention two differences between Exocrine and Endocrine glands. 

Answer

Question 11

Why pituitary gland is called master gland? 

Answer

Pituitary gland is called the master gland because it produces several hormones that control the functions of other endocrine glands in the body. It is responsible for regulating and controlling the activities of many other hormone-secreting glands, including the thyroid, adrenal, and reproductive glands.

Question 12

What is ISH? From which gland is it secreted? 

Answer

ISH stands for interstitial cell stimulating hormone, also known as Luteinizing Hormone (LH). It is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 13

What is the major functions of TSH ? 

Answer

The major function of TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) is to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce and release thyroid hormones.

Question 14

What is the full name of ST? From which gland is it secreted? 

Answer

ST stands for Somatotropin, also known as Growth Hormone (GH). It is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland.

Question  15

Mention the functions of STH and TSH. 

Answer

The main function of STH (Somatotropin) is to promote growth and development of the body, while TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone) regulates the production and secretion of hormones by the thyroid gland.

Question 16

Write short notes on STH.

Answer

STH (Somatotropin or Growth Hormone) is a protein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It is essential for normal growth and development of bones, muscles, and other tissues in the body. STH stimulates the production and release of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) from the liver and other tissues, which is responsible for the growth-promoting effects of STH.

Question 17

What is prolactin? Name its source of secretion. 

Answer

Prolactin is a peptide hormone that is primarily associated with lactation in mammals, but it also has a role in a number of other physiological processes. It is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 18

What is the full name of ADH? Mention its source of secretion and function. 

Answer

The full name of ADH is antidiuretic hormone. It is secreted by the hypothalamus and stored and released from the posterior pituitary gland. Its main function is to regulate the water balance in the body by decreasing the amount of water excreted through urine, thereby increasing the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.

Question 19

What is the full name of GTH? From which gland is this secreted?

Answer

GTH stands for Gonadotropic Hormone. It is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 20

What do you mean by releasing hormones?

Answer

Releasing hormones are special hormones secreted by the hypothalamus that travel to the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate the release of specific hormones.

Question 21

Mention differences between TSH and ACTH.

Answer

TSH stands for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone while ACTH stands for Adrenocorticotropic Hormone.

The main differences between TSH and ACTH are:

1. TSH is secreted by the pituitary gland, while ACTH is also secreted by the pituitary gland, specifically the anterior pituitary.
2. TSH regulates the production of thyroid hormones, while ACTH regulates the production of cortisol and other steroid hormones in the adrenal glands.
3. TSH secretion is stimulated by Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus, while ACTH secretion is stimulated by Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus.

Question 22

Which gland secretes “thyroxine”? What is the chief function of thyroxine? 

Answer

Thyroxine is secreted by the thyroid gland. The chief function of thyroxine is to regulate metabolism by controlling the rate of cellular oxidation.

Question 23

Show two differences between ACTH and GTH. 

Answer

ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone) and GTH (Gonadotropic Hormone) are two different types of hormones produced by the pituitary gland. The two differences between ACTH and GTH are:

1. Target Organs: ACTH primarily targets the adrenal gland, whereas GTH targets the gonads.
2. Functions: ACTH stimulates the secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex, whereas GTH has two types, FSH and LH. FSH stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles and the production of estrogen in females, while LH stimulates ovulation and the production of testosterone in males.

Question 24

Why pancreas is known as a mixed gland? 

Answer

Pancreas is known as a mixed gland because it has both endocrine and exocrine functions. It secretes hormones like insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide into the bloodstream as well as digestive enzymes into the small intestine through ducts.

Question 25

Mention the location and two functions of the pancreas. 

Answer

The pancreas is a mixed gland located in the abdomen behind the stomach. Its two main functions are to produce digestive enzymes and to secrete hormones, such as insulin and glucagon, to regulate blood sugar levels.

Question 26

Answer

The endocrine part of the pancreas is known as Islets of Langerhans. The hormones secreted from the pancreas are insulin and glucagon.

Question 27

Name with sources from which different types of hormones of pancreas are secreted. 

Answer

The hormones of the pancreas are secreted from the Islets of Langerhans which are clusters of cells within the pancreas. Alpha cells secrete glucagon, beta cells secrete insulin, delta cells secrete somatostatin, and PP cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

Question 28

Which hormone is secreted by the islet of Langerhans? Give its main function. 

Answer

The islets of Langerhans secrete multiple hormones including insulin, which functions to regulate blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake and storage of glucose in cells.

Question 31

Mention two differences between insulin and glucagon. 

Answer

Insulin and glucagon are two hormones secreted by the pancreas that have opposite effects on blood sugar levels. The differences between insulin and glucagon are:

1. Insulin is released when blood glucose levels are high, whereas glucagon is released when blood glucose levels are low.
2. Insulin promotes the storage of glucose in liver, muscle, and fat cells, while glucagon stimulates the breakdown of glycogen in the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream.

Question 60

Mention three essential properties of a hormone. 

Answer

Three essential properties of a hormone are:

1. Chemical nature: Hormones can be classified based on their chemical nature as protein/peptide hormones or steroid hormones.
2. Specificity: Each hormone has a specific target organ or tissue, and it only affects that particular organ or tissue.
3. Regulation: Hormone secretion is regulated by feedback mechanisms, either positive or negative. This ensures that hormone levels remain within a specific range and do not become too high or too low.

Question 61

What do you mean by tropic hormones? 

Answer

Tropic hormones are hormones that are secreted by the pituitary gland and regulate the secretion of other hormones from other endocrine glands in the body. They are also known as “trophic hormones” or “stimulating hormones”. Examples of tropic hormones include thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH).

Question 63

What is diabetes mellitus? What are the clinical conditions or changes observed in diabetes mellitus?

Answer

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood due to either insufficient insulin production or the body’s inability to use insulin effectively. The clinical conditions or changes observed in diabetes mellitus include frequent urination, excessive thirst, hunger, weight loss, blurred vision, slow healing of wounds, numbness or tingling in hands or feet, fatigue, and increased susceptibility to infections. If left untreated or uncontrolled, diabetes mellitus can lead to serious health complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, nerve damage, and blindness.

Question 64

Distinguishes between auxin and thyroxine. 

Answer

Question 65

(i) What do you mean by parathyroid glands? (ii) Name the hormone secreted from it. (iii) What is its function ? 

Answer

(i) Parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands located near the thyroid gland in the neck.

(ii) The hormone secreted from the parathyroid gland is called parathyroid hormone (PTH) or parathormone.

(iii) The function of PTH is to regulate calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood by increasing calcium levels and decreasing phosphorus levels. It also stimulates the release of calcitriol, which helps in calcium absorption from the intestine.

Question 68

Write down what may happen if hyposecretion or hypersecretion of thyroid hormone takes place. 

Answer

Question 69

What is goitre? Why does one suffer from goitre?

Answer

Goiter is a condition characterized by the enlargement of the thyroid gland located in the neck. It may occur due to hyposecretion or hypersecretion of thyroid hormones, which can lead to an imbalance in the thyroid hormone levels.

Long Answer (LA) type questions

Question 1

Mention one similarity and two differences between the functions of hormones and the nervous system.

Answer

One similarity between the functions of hormones and the nervous system is that both are involved in regulating and coordinating body functions.

Two differences are:

1. Hormones act more slowly and have a longer-lasting effect than the nervous system. Nervous system responses are rapid and short-lived.
2. Hormones can act on distant target cells throughout the body, while the nervous system usually acts on specific target cells or organs.

Question 2

What is endocrine gland? Name any eight endocrine glands present in the human body.

Answer

An endocrine gland is a type of gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream, rather than through a duct. These hormones travel throughout the body and affect the function of various organs and tissues.

There are several endocrine glands present in the human body, including:

1. Pituitary gland
2. Thyroid gland
3. Parathyroid glands
4. Adrenal glands
5. Pancreas
6. Pineal gland
7. Thymus gland
8. Gonads (ovaries and testes)

Question 3

Name the hormones secreted from the pituitary gland.

Answer

The pituitary gland secretes several hormones, including:

1. Growth hormone (GH)
2. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
3. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
4. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
5. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
6. Prolactin
7. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) also called vasopressin
8. Oxytocin

Question 4

Mention the principal hormones secreted by the pituitary gland and their function.

Answer

1. Growth hormone (GH): It regulates growth and development in children and adults.
2. Prolactin (PRL): It stimulates milk production in females during pregnancy and after childbirth.
3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): It stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.
4. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH): It stimulates the adrenal gland to produce cortisol.
5. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): In females, it stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles and the production of estrogen, while in males, it stimulates the production of sperm.
6. Luteinizing hormone (LH): In females, it triggers ovulation and stimulates the production of progesterone. In males, it stimulates the production of testosterone.

Question 5

Where pituitary gland is present in the human body? What are the functions of pituitary hormones ? 

Answer

The pituitary gland is a small pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain, below the hypothalamus. The functions of the pituitary hormones are:

1. Growth Hormone (GH): Promotes growth and development of the body tissues and bones.
2. Prolactin (PRL): Stimulates milk production in females after childbirth.
3. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH): Stimulates the adrenal gland to produce cortisol.
4. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH): Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.
5. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): In females, it stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles and the production of estrogen. In males, it stimulates the production of sperm.
6. Luteinizing Hormone (LH): In females, it triggers ovulation and promotes the secretion of progesterone. In males, it stimulates the production of testosterone.
7. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH): Regulates water balance in the body by promoting water reabsorption by the kidneys.
8. Oxytocin: Stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.

Question 6

Mention the names of three hormones secreted from the endocrine glands of the human body. What disease occurs during the hyposecretion of thyroxin?

Answer

Three hormones secreted from the endocrine glands of the human body are insulin (from the pancreas), thyroid hormone (from the thyroid gland), and adrenaline (from the adrenal glands). The disease that occurs during hyposecretion of thyroxin is hypothyroidism.

Question 7

Where is the thyroid gland present? Mention the name and functions of hormones secreted from it.

Answer

The thyroid gland is present in the neck region, just below the Adam’s apple. The two main hormones secreted by the thyroid gland are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones help in the regulation of metabolism in the body. They also play a vital role in the development of the brain, growth, and maturation of tissues. Additionally, calcitonin is also secreted by the thyroid gland, which helps in regulating the calcium levels in the body.

Question 8

Name the hormone secreted from the thyroid gland. What are the symptoms observed in the body due to hypersecretion and hyposecretion of thyroid hormones?

Answer

The hormone secreted from the thyroid gland is thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

The symptoms of hypersecretion of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism) include weight loss, increased appetite, rapid heartbeat, sweating, anxiety, nervousness, and fatigue.

The symptoms of hyposecretion of thyroid hormones (hypothyroidism) include weight gain, fatigue, depression, sensitivity to cold, dry skin and hair, constipation, and joint pain.

Question 9

What is a hormone? From where insulin is secreted? Describe briefly the functions of insulin.

Answer

(a) Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by the endocrine glands into the bloodstream, which travel to different parts of the body and regulate various physiological processes.

(b) Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.

(c) The primary function of insulin is to regulate glucose metabolism in the body. It helps in the uptake of glucose by the cells and tissues, and promotes the storage of excess glucose as glycogen in the liver and muscles. Insulin also inhibits the breakdown of glycogen to glucose, and promotes the synthesis of protein and fat. Overall, insulin plays a crucial role in maintaining normal blood sugar levels and preventing hyperglycemia.

Question 10

Which hormone is known as “emergency hormone”? From which gland it is secreted.  Discuss about two functions of that hormone.

 Answer

(a) The hormone known as “emergency hormone” is adrenaline or epinephrine.

(b) Adrenaline is secreted from the adrenal gland, specifically from the medulla region.

(c) Two functions of adrenaline are:

1. Fight or flight response: Adrenaline is released in response to stress or danger, and prepares the body for “fight or flight” response by increasing heart rate, dilating the airways, and mobilizing energy from glycogen stores. This helps the body to respond quickly to a threat.
2. Blood pressure regulation: Adrenaline also helps to regulate blood pressure by constricting blood vessels in certain areas of the body, such as the digestive system, and dilating blood vessels in other areas, such as the muscles. This helps to divert blood flow to where it is needed most during an emergency.

Question 11

Distinguish between insulin and adrenaline.

Answer

Question 12

Distinguish between Insulin and Glucagon.

Answer

Question 13

Differentiate between Thyroxin and Adrenaline.

Answer

Question 14

What are the main two hormones secreted from the ovary? Mention two important functions from each.

Answer

The two main hormones secreted from the ovary are estrogen and progesterone.

Functions of estrogen:

1. Development and maintenance of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics
2. Regulation of the menstrual cycle

Functions of progesterone:

1. Preparation of the uterus for pregnancy and maintenance of pregnancy
2. Regulation of the menstrual cycle

Question 15

Mention two differences between plant hormones and animal hormones.

Answer